Darius I, Bisotun (DB2.)
DB2.Darius I, Bisotun (DB2.) is a published Old Persian inscription record in the authorized TITUS corpus snapshot. The siglum DB2. identifies this exact text record.
Machine-generated and unreviewedVerified catalog identification
Identifiers and diplomatic text layers are retained from the authorized corpus snapshot.
Machine-generated and unreviewed- Ruler
- Darius I Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Place
- Bisotun Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Date / period
- Achaemenid period, 522–486 BCE Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Lines
- 98
Full inscription reading
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Published lines
98 lines
Line 41 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎺𐎿[𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎺𐎠]𐏃𐎼𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏓𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒
: k-a-r-m : t-y-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : a-j : v-s-[i-y : ϑ-u-r-v-a]-h-r-h-y : m-a-h-y-a : 10-2-2-2-2
Machine-generated and unreviewedpeople · who · treacherous · beat · very · 2nd month · month · [10-2-2-2-2]
Audio reading of line 41
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 42 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣[𐎼𐎫𐎶] !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹/𐎺𐎢𐏁
: r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-[r-t-m] !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-/v-u-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedday · pass · be · so · fight · do · say · Darius
Audio reading of line 42
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 43 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏂𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃[𐎷]𐎡𐏂[𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐] 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫/𐎡𐏁
: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-t-i-y : ç-i-t-i-y-m : h-[mi]-i-ç-[i-y-a :] h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-a : p-t-/i-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedking · to · third · treacherous · come together · set off · against
Audio reading of line 43
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 44 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎹(𐎺)𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎠[𐎶]𐎠 𐏐 𐎮𐎡𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎺𐎭𐎠
: d-a-d-r-š-i-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : u-y-(v)-a : n-a-[m]-a : di-i-d-a : a-r-mi-n-i-y-i-y : a-/v-d-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedgeneral of Darius I · fight · do · Uyama, Armenian city · name · fortified place · Armenia · then
Audio reading of line 44
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 45 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠[𐎶] 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶/𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃
: h-m-r-n-m : a-ku-u-n-v : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-[m] : a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-/z-d-a-h
Machine-generated and unreviewedfight · do · Ahuramazdā · support · carry · will · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 45
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 46 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷[𐎡]𐏂𐎡[𐎹𐎶] 𐏐 [𐎠]𐎩 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎨/𐎡𐏁
: k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-y-m : h-mi-[i]-ç-i-[y-m] : [a]-j : v-s-i-y : ϑ-a-i-g-r-c-/i-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedpeople · who · me, mine · that one · people · who · treacherous · beat · very · 3rd month
Audio reading of line 46
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 47 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺[𐎰𐎠𐏁]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺
: m-a-h-y-a : 2-2-2-2-1 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-[ϑ-a-š]-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v
Machine-generated and unreviewedmonth · [2-2-2-2-1] · day · pass · be · so · fight · do · after
Audio reading of line 47
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 48 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼[𐎷]𐎴𐎡[𐎹]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 [𐎹]𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠/𐎭𐎶
: d-a-d-r-š-i-š : c-i-t-a : m-a-m : a-m-a-n-y : a-r-[mi]-n-i-[y]-i-y : [y]-a-t-a : a-d-m : a-r-s-m : m-a-/d-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedgeneral of Darius I · for some time · me, mine · wait · Armenia · while · I · come to · Media
Audio reading of line 48
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 49 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎲/𐎭𐎣
!! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-u-mi-i-s : n-a-m : p-a-r-s : m-n-a : b-/d-k
Machine-generated and unreviewedsay · Darius · king · general of Darius I · name · Persia; Persian · me, mine · vassal · vassal
Audio reading of line 49
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 50 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐
: a-v-m : a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : a-r-mi-i-n-m : a-v-ϑ-a-š-i-y : a-ϑ-h-m : p-r-i-di-i-y : k-a-r :
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · I · send · Armenia · so · speak · [p-r-i-di-i-y] · people
Audio reading of line 50
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 51 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎩𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿 𐏐 𐎠/𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺
h-y : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : m-n-a : n-i-y : g-u-b-t-i-y : a-v-m : j-di-i-y : p-s-a-v : v-u-mi-i-s : a-/š-i-y-v
Machine-generated and unreviewedwho · treacherous · me, mine · not · call onself · that one · beat · after · general of Darius I · move
Audio reading of line 51
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 52 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡[𐏂𐎡𐎹]𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱/𐎫𐎡𐏁
: y-ϑ-a : a-r-mi-i-n-m : p-r-a-r-s : p-s-a-v : h-mi-i-[ç-i-y]-a : h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-a : p-/t-i-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedas · Armenia · arrive · after · treacherous · come together · set off · against
Audio reading of line 52
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 53 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐏀𐎾𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎠𐎹/𐎠
: v-u-mi-i-s-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : i-z-l-a : n-a-m-a : d-h-y-a-u-š : a-ϑ-u-r-a-y-/a
Machine-generated and unreviewedgeneral of Darius I · fight · do · district in Assyria · name · land · Assyria
Audio reading of line 53
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 54 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠[𐎶]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢/𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃
: a-v-d-a : h-m-r-n-m : a-ku-u-n-v : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-[m]-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-/r-m-z-d-a-h
Machine-generated and unreviewedthen · fight · do · Ahuramazdā · support · carry · will · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 54
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 55 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫[𐎹𐎶 𐏐] 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐
: k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-[y-m :] h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : a-j : v-s-i-y :
Machine-generated and unreviewedpeople · who · me, mine · that one · people · who · treacherous · beat · very
Audio reading of line 55
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 56 𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶𐎣𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏓𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐
a-n-a-m-k-h-y : m-a-h-y-a : 10-2-2-1 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m :
Machine-generated and unreviewed10th month · month · [10-2-2-1] · day · pass · be · so · fight
Audio reading of line 56
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 57 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷/𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠
k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-t-i-y : du-u-vi-i-t-i-y-m : h-mi-/i-ç-i-y-a
Machine-generated and unrevieweddo · say · Darius · king · to · second · treacherous
Audio reading of line 57
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 58 𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢/𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎼
: h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-a : p-t-i-š : v-u-mi-i-s-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : a-u-/t-i-y-a-r
Machine-generated and unreviewedcome together · set off · against · general of Darius I · fight · do · district in Armenia
Audio reading of line 58
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 59 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺 𐏐
: n-a-m-a : d-h-y-a-u-š : a-r-mi-i-n-i-y-i-y : a-v-d-a : h-m-r-n-m : a-ku-u-n-v :
Machine-generated and unreviewedname · land · Armenian · [a-v-d-a] · fight · do
Audio reading of line 59
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 60 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶/𐎴𐎠
a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r : h-y : m-/n-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedAhuramazdā · support · carry · will · Ahuramazdā · people · who · me, mine
Audio reading of line 60
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 61 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎺𐎠𐏃𐎼𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃/𐎹𐎠
: a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-y-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : a-j : v-s-i-y : ϑ-u-r-v-a-h-r-h-y : m-a-h-/y-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · people · who · treacherous · beat · very · 2nd month · month
Audio reading of line 61
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 62 𐏐 𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿
: ji-i-y-m-n-m : p-t-i-y : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v : v-u-mi-i-s
Machine-generated and unreviewedlast · to · so · fight · do · after · general of Darius I
Audio reading of line 62
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 63 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎡𐎹(𐎡)[𐎹] 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶
: c-i-t-a : m-a-m : a-m-a-n-y : a-r-mi-i-n-i-y-(i)-[y] : y-a-t-a : a-d-m : a-r-s-m : m-a-d-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedfor some time · me, mine · wait · Armenian · while · I · come to · Media
Audio reading of line 63
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 64 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎩𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐
!! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : n-i-j-a-y-m : h-c-a :
Machine-generated and unreviewedsay · Darius · king · after · I · withdraw · withdraw · from
Audio reading of line 64
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 65 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎯𐎽𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐
b-a-b-i-r-u-š : a-š-i-y-v-m : m-a-d-m : y-ϑ-a : m-a-d-m : p-r-a-r-s-m : ku-u-du-ru-u-š : n-a-m :
Machine-generated and unreviewedBabylon · move · Media · as · Media · arrive · Median city · name
Audio reading of line 65
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 66 𐎺𐎼𐎭𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎫𐎠
v-r-d-n-m : m-a-d-i-y : a-v-d-a : h-u-v : f-r-v-r-t-i-š : h-y : m-a-d-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-/g-u-b-t-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedplace · Media · then · that one · Median rebel · who · Media · king · call onself
Audio reading of line 66
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 67 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎭[𐎠 𐏐] 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴/𐎶
: a-i-š : h-d-[a :] k-a-r-a : p-t-i-š : m-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : p-s-a-v : h-m-r-n-/m
Machine-generated and unreviewedcome, go · (together) with · people · against · me, mine · fight · do · after · fight
Audio reading of line 67
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 68 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶
: a-ku-u-m-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r-m
Machine-generated and unrevieweddo · Ahuramazdā · support · carry · will · Ahuramazdā · people
Audio reading of line 68
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 69 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎯𐎢𐎣[𐎴𐎡]𐏁𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏔𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎼/𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁
: t-y-m : f-r-v-r-t-i-š : a-d-m : a-j-n-m : v-s-i-y : a-du-u-k-[n-i]-š-h-y : m-a-h-y-a : 20-2-2-1 : r-/u-c-b-i-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedwho · Median rebel · I · beat · very · [a-du-u-k-[n-i]-š-h-y] · month · [20-2-2-1] · day
Audio reading of line 69
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 70 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎶𐎠 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧/𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹
: ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a : h-m-r-n-m : a-ku-u-m-a !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-/š-a-y-ϑ-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedpass · be · so · fight · do · say · Darius · king
Audio reading of line 70
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 71 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎲𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎸𐎢𐎰 𐏐 𐎼/𐎥𐎠
: p-s-a-v : h-u-v : f-r-v-r-t-i-š : h-d-a : k-m-n-i-b-i-š : a-s-b-a-r-i-b-i-š : a-mu-u-ϑ : r-/g-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedafter · that one · Median rebel · (together) with · little · rider · flee · district in Media, mod. Rey
Audio reading of line 71
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 72 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎱𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎳/𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶
: n-a-m-a : d-h-y-a-u-š : m-a-d-i-y : a-v-p-r-a : a-š-i-y-v : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : k-a-r-m : f-/r-a-i-š-y-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedname · land · Media · thither · move · after · I · people · send
Audio reading of line 72
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 73 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎱𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎲𐎡(𐎹) 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎹𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭/𐎶𐏁𐎡(𐎹)
: n-i-p-di-i-y : f-r-v-r-t-i-š : a-g-r-b-i-(y) : a-n-y-t-a : a-b-i-y : m-a-m : a-d-/m-š-i-(y)
Machine-generated and unreviewedin pursuit · Median rebel · seize · lead, bring · to · me, mine · I
Audio reading of line 73
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 74 Editorial restoration[𐏐] 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐏀𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠𐏁/𐎡𐎹
[:] u-t-a : n-a-h-m : u-t-a : g-u-š-a : u-t-a : h-z-a-n-m : f-r-a-j-n-m : u-t-a-š-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedand · nose · and · ear · and · tongue · strike off · and · and
Audio reading of line 74
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 75 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐏑 𐎨𐏁]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎩𐎶 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎺𐎼𐎹𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎿𐎫 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎽𐎢𐎺𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎣/𐎠𐎼
: [1 c-š]-m : a-v-j-m : du-u-v-r-y-a-m-i-y : b-s-t : a-d-a-r-i-y : h-ru-u-v-š-i-m : k-/a-r
Machine-generated and unreviewedeye · gouge out · gouge out · gate · bind · entire · entire · people
Audio reading of line 75
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 76 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐎴 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐏀𐎶𐎹𐎠𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶
: a-v-i-n : p-s-a-v-š-i-m : h-g-m-t-a-n-i-y : u-z-m-y-a-p-t-i-y : a-ku-u-n-v-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedsee · after · Ecbatana · (stake) planted upright? · do
Audio reading of line 76
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 77 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶[𐎼]𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎵𐎢𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃/𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠[𐎴𐎡𐎹]
: u-t-a : m-[r]-t-i-y-a : t-y-i-š-i-y : f-r-t-m-a : a-nu-u-š-i-y-a : a-h-t-a : a-v-i-y : h-/g-m-t-a-[n-i-y]
Machine-generated and unreviewedand · man · who · foremost, highest ranking · follower · be · that one · Ecbatana
Audio reading of line 77
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 78 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎠](𐎫)𐎼 𐏐 𐎮𐎡𐎭𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐏃𐎩𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹
: [a]-(t)-r : di-i-d-a-m : f-r-a-h-j-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedin · fortified place · hang · say · Darius · king
Audio reading of line 78
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 79 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏑 𐎶𐎼[𐎫]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐏂𐎫𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎥𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐
: 1 m-r-[t]-i-y : c-i-ç-t-x-m : n-a-m : a-s-g-r-t-i-y : h-u-v-m-i-y : h-mi-i-ç-i-y :
Machine-generated and unreviewedman · man · name · name · Sagartian · that one
Audio reading of line 79
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 80 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎥𐎼𐎫/𐎡𐎹
a-b-v : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-a : a-ϑ-h : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-mi-i-y : a-s-g-r-t-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedbe, become · people · so · speak · I · king · be · Sagartian
Audio reading of line 80
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.