Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠
Attested in Old Persian

earth

Lemma
būmī-
Transliteration
b-u-mi-i-y-a
Transcription
būmiyā

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for būmiyā; English gloss: earth.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎲 ba Phonogram
  2. 𐎢 u Phonogram
  3. 𐎷 mi Phonogram
  4. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  5. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  6. 𐎠 a Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

41 occurrences
XPf · 12100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣/𐎠𐎹𐎠

: a-h-y-a-y-a : b-u-mi-i-y-a : v-z-r-k-/a-y-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPf · 25100% confidence

𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺{𐏃}𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

b-u-mi-i-y-a : y-ϑ-a : d-a-r-y-v-{h}-u-š : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPh · 10100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎱𐎡𐎹

: b-u-mi-i-y-a : v-z-r-k-a-y-a : du-u-r-i-y : a-/p-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPj · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡[𐎹]𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐏃𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎨𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶

a-d-m : x-š-y-a-r-š-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a : b-u-mi-i-[y]-a : d-a-r-y-v-h-u-š : XŠ-y-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ-a-t-i-y : x-š-y-a-r-š-a : XŠ : i-m-m : t-c-r-m : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-mToken span 21–21 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XE · 17100% confidence

𐎠𐏃𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺/𐏀𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎹𐎠

a-h-i-y-a-y-a : b-u-mi-i-y-a : v-/z-r-k-a-y-aToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XV · 13100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺/𐏀𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎹𐎠

: a-h-y-a-y-a : b-u-mi-i-y-a : v-/z-r-k-a-y-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A1Pa · 13100% confidence

𐎠𐏃[𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣]/𐎠𐎹𐎠

a-h-[y-a-y-a : b-u-mi-i-y-a : v-z-r-k]-/a-y-aToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
D2Sb · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏋𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶]𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐

: BU-y-a : a-r-t-x-š-ç-h-y-a : XŠ-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m]-n-i-š-i-y :Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
D2Ha · 11100% confidence

𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣/𐎠𐎹𐎠

: XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a : b-u-mi-i-y-a : v-z-r-k-/a-y-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
D2Ha · 20100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷/𐎡𐎹𐎠

: a-d-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a : b-u-mi-/i-y-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sa · 1100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏋𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎭/𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠

ϑ-a-t-i-y : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a : BU-y-a : d-a-r-y-v-u-š-h-y-a : XŠ-h-y-a : p-u-ç : d-/a-r-y-v-u-š-h-y-aToken span 21–21 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sc · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 [𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎡]/𐎶𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h-y-a-y-a [: b-u-mi-i-y-a : i]-/m-a-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DEa (Q007146) · Q007146.17.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DEa (Q007146), Q007146.17.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.11.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.11.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSb (Q007168) · Q007168.9.1

Documented dictionary attestation in DSb (Q007168), Q007168.9.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSd (Q007170) · Q007170.2.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DSd (Q007170), Q007170.2.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.10.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.10.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.1.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.1.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSg (Q007173) · Q007173.2.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DSg (Q007173), Q007173.2.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSi (Q007174) · Q007174.2.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DSi (Q007174), Q007174.2.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSj (Q007175) · Q007175.1.12

Documented dictionary attestation in DSj (Q007175), Q007175.1.12.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSt (Q007182) · Q007182.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSt (Q007182), Q007182.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSy (Q007186) · Q007186.2.6

Documented dictionary attestation in DSy (Q007186), Q007186.2.6.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.4.15

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.4.15.View source