Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹
Attested in Old Persian

king

Lemma
xšāyaθiya-
Transliteration
x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y
Transcription
xšāyaϑiya

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya; English gloss: king.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎧 xa Phonogram
  2. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  4. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  5. 𐎰 ϑa Phonogram
  6. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  7. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

456 occurrences
XPl · 6100% confidence

𐏐 [𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠]𐏃𐎠 𐏐 𐎠[𐎭]𐎶

: [x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a]-h-a : a-[d]-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPm · 1100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎨𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶

ϑ-a-t-i-y : x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m-m : t-c-r-m : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-mToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSa · 1100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐

ϑ-a-t-i-y : x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : i-m :Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSa · 2100% confidence

𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠

h-di-i-š : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-ku-u-n-u-š : h-y : m-n-a : p-i-t-aToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSc · 1100% confidence

[𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠]𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]/[𐎰𐎡𐎹

[a-d-m : x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a]-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-[ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m : x-š-a-y]-/[ϑ-i-yToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSc · 1100% confidence

[𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠]𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]/[𐎰𐎡𐎹

[a-d-m : x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a]-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-[ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m : x-š-a-y]-/[ϑ-i-yToken span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSc · 1100% confidence

[𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠]𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]/[𐎰𐎡𐎹

[a-d-m : x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a]-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-[ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m : x-š-a-y]-/[ϑ-i-yToken span 13–13 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSc · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠[𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]/[𐎰𐎡𐎹

: x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m : h-di-i-š : a-ku-u-n]-a-m : p-s-a-[v : y-ϑ-a : a-d-m : x-š-a-y]-/[ϑ-i-yToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSc · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠[𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]/[𐎰𐎡𐎹

: x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m : h-di-i-š : a-ku-u-n]-a-m : p-s-a-[v : y-ϑ-a : a-d-m : x-š-a-y]-/[ϑ-i-yToken span 18–18 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSdA · 1{A916}100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 (𐎧)[𐏁𐎹]𐎠[𐎼𐏁]𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎶 𐏐

ϑ-a-t-i-y : (x)-[š-y]-a-[r-š]-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : i-m-m :Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSdA · 2{A916}100% confidence

𐎯𐎢𐎺𐎼𐎰𐎡𐎶 𐏐 (𐎭𐎠𐎼)𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶[𐎴𐎠] 𐏐 𐎱𐎡(𐎫)[𐎠]

du-u-v-r-ϑ-i-m : (d-a-r)-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-[ϑ]-i-y : a-ku-u-n-u-š : h-y : m-[n-a] : p-i-(t)-[a]Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSdB · 1{B915}100% confidence

[𐎰]𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 (𐎧)𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼[𐏁]𐎠 𐏐 (𐎧)[𐏁𐎠𐎹](𐎰)𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺[𐏁𐎴𐎠] 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶[𐏀]𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎡[𐎶𐎶 𐏐]

[ϑ]-a-t-i-y : (x)-š-y-a-r-[š]-a : (x)-[š-a-y]-(ϑ)-i-y : v-[š-n-a] : a-u-r-m-[z]-d-a-h : i-[m-m :]Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

Old Iranian Online: Old Persian LessonsScott L. Harvey, Winfred P. Lehmann & Jonathan Slocum

DB I; DNa · DB I §27; DNa lines 8–10

Documented dictionary attestation in DB I; DNa, DB I §27; DNa lines 8–10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMa (Q007131) · Q007131.1.5

Documented dictionary attestation in CMa (Q007131), Q007131.1.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMb (Q007132) · Q007132.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in CMb (Q007132), Q007132.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.10.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.10.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.1.10

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.1.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.6.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.6.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.9.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.9.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.6.1

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.6.1.View source