Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹
Attested in Old Persian

king

Lemma
xšāyaθiya-
Transliteration
x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y
Transcription
xšāyaϑiya

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya; English gloss: king.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎧 xa Phonogram
  2. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  4. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  5. 𐎰 ϑa Phonogram
  6. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  7. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

456 occurrences
A2Sc · 2100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺[𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧]/𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎴𐎠𐎶

x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-[z-r-k : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : x]-/š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-n-a-mToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sc · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎴]/𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-[ϑ-i-y : d-h-y-u-n]-/a-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sc · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 [𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎡]/𐎶𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h-y-a-y-a [: b-u-mi-i-y-a : i]-/m-a-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sd · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐

a-d-m : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a :Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sd · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐

a-d-m : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a :Token span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sd · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐

a-d-m : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a :Token span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sd · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐

a-d-m : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a :Token span 13–13 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sd · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐

a-d-m : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a :Token span 17–17 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sd · 2100% confidence

𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐

BU-y-a : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : XŠ-a-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ-a-t-i-y : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ :Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Sd · 2100% confidence

𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐

BU-y-a : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : XŠ-a-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ-a-t-i-y : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ :Token span 15–15 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Ha · 1100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋[𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃]/𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠

ϑ-a-t-i-y : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-[y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h]-/y-a-y-aToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A2Ha · 1100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋[𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃]/𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠

ϑ-a-t-i-y : a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-[y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : XŠ : a-h]-/y-a-y-aToken span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

Old Iranian Online: Old Persian LessonsScott L. Harvey, Winfred P. Lehmann & Jonathan Slocum

DB I; DNa · DB I §27; DNa lines 8–10

Documented dictionary attestation in DB I; DNa, DB I §27; DNa lines 8–10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMa (Q007131) · Q007131.1.5

Documented dictionary attestation in CMa (Q007131), Q007131.1.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMb (Q007132) · Q007132.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in CMb (Q007132), Q007132.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.10.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.10.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.1.10

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.1.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.6.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.6.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.9.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.9.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.6.1

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.6.1.View source