Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹
Attested in Old Persian

king

Lemma
xšāyaθiya-
Transliteration
x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y
Transcription
xšāyaϑiya

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya; English gloss: king.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎧 xa Phonogram
  2. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  4. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  5. 𐎰 ϑa Phonogram
  6. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  7. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

456 occurrences
DB2. · 14100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏑 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎳𐎼[𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭] 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫/𐎠

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : 1 m-r-t-i-y : f-r-[v-r-t-i-š : n-a-m : m-a-d] : h-u-v : u-d-p-t-t-/aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 17100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 [𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐

: a-b-i-y : a-v-m : f-r-v-r-t-i-m : a-š-i-y-v : h-u-v [: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y] : a-b-v : m-a-d-i-y !! :Token span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 18100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎢[𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶]𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠/𐏃

ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : k-a-r : p-a-r-s : u-[t-a : m]-a-d : h-y : u-p-a : m-a-m : a-/hToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 29100% confidence

!! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴/𐎠

!! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : d-a-d-r-š-i-š : n-a-m : a-r-mi-i-n-i-y : m-n-/aToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 37100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠[𐎼𐎹]𐎺𐎢[𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠]𐎹[𐎰]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻/𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶

: h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-[r-y]-v-u-[š : x-š-a]-y-[ϑ]-i-y : p-t-i-y : du-u-vi-/i-t-i-y-mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 43100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏂𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃[𐎷]𐎡𐏂[𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐] 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫/𐎡𐏁

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-t-i-y : ç-i-t-i-y-m : h-[mi]-i-ç-[i-y-a :] h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-a : p-t-/i-šToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 49100% confidence

!! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎲/𐎭𐎣

!! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-u-mi-i-s : n-a-m : p-a-r-s : m-n-a : b-/d-kToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 57100% confidence

𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷/𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠

k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-t-i-y : du-u-vi-i-t-i-y-m : h-mi-/i-ç-i-y-aToken span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 64100% confidence

!! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎩𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐

!! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : n-i-j-a-y-m : h-c-a :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 66100% confidence

𐎺𐎼𐎭𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎫𐎠

v-r-d-n-m : m-a-d-i-y : a-v-d-a : h-u-v : f-r-v-r-t-i-š : h-y : m-a-d-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-/g-u-b-t-aToken span 15–15 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 70100% confidence

𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎶𐎠 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧/𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

: ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a : h-m-r-n-m : a-ku-u-m-a !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-/š-a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 78100% confidence

𐏐 [𐎠](𐎫)𐎼 𐏐 𐎮𐎡𐎭𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐏃𐎩𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

: [a]-(t)-r : di-i-d-a-m : f-r-a-h-j-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

Old Iranian Online: Old Persian LessonsScott L. Harvey, Winfred P. Lehmann & Jonathan Slocum

DB I; DNa · DB I §27; DNa lines 8–10

Documented dictionary attestation in DB I; DNa, DB I §27; DNa lines 8–10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMa (Q007131) · Q007131.1.5

Documented dictionary attestation in CMa (Q007131), Q007131.1.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMb (Q007132) · Q007132.1.3

Documented dictionary attestation in CMb (Q007132), Q007132.1.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.10.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.10.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.1.10

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.1.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.6.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.6.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.9.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.9.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.6.1

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.6.1.View source