𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠

Attested in Old Persian

Xerxes I, king of Persia

Lemma: Xšayaṛsan
Transliteration: x-š-y-a-r-š-a
Transcription: Xšayaṛšā

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Xšayaṛšā; English gloss: Xerxes I, king of Persia.

Writing system

Sign analysis

Image records

Inscription gallery

1 images

Image evidence for inscription XPe — **Inscriptional image associated with XPe**Creator: Marco PrinsInscription identifier: XPeImage source · CC0Modification note: No content modification reported.

Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

47 occurrences

XVsb · 1100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣

x-š-y-a-r-š-a : XŠ : v-z-r-kToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

XVsc · 1100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣

x-š-y-a-r-š-a : XŠ : v-z-r-kToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

XVsaff. · 1100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣

x-š-y-a-r-š-a : XŠ : v-z-r-kToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

XVsbff. · 1100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣

x-š-y-a-r-š-a : XŠ : v-z-r-kToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

4.9.3. · 1100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣

x-š-y-a-r-š-a : XŠ : v-z-r-kToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

4.9.4. · 1100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 [

x-š-y-a-r-š-a [Token span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

4.11. · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹/𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠

a-d-m : x-š-y-/a-r-š-aToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

4.12. · 1100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠/𐎼𐏁𐎠

x-š-y-a-/r-š-aToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

A1Pa · 19100% confidence

𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠]/𐎼𐏁𐎠

: i-m : h-di-i-š : x-š-y-a]-/r-š-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

A3Pa · 16100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎧/𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠

: x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-u-ç : x-/š-y-a-r-š-aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

A3Pa · 16100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎧/𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠

: x-š-y-a-r-š-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-u-ç : x-/š-y-a-r-š-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

Scholarly traceability