Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎣𐎠𐎼
Attested in Old Persian

people

Lemma
kāra-
Transliteration
k-a-r
Transcription
kāra

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kāra; English gloss: people.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎣 ka Phonogram
  2. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  3. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

33 occurrences
DB2. · 50100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐

: a-v-m : a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : a-r-mi-i-n-m : a-v-ϑ-a-š-i-y : a-ϑ-h-m : p-r-i-di-i-y : k-a-r :Token span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 55100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫[𐎹𐎶 𐏐] 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐

: k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-[y-m :] h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : a-j : v-s-i-y :Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 60100% confidence

𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶/𐎴𐎠

a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r : h-y : m-/n-aToken span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 75100% confidence

𐏐 [𐏑 𐎨𐏁]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎩𐎶 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎺𐎼𐎹𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎿𐎫 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎽𐎢𐎺𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎣/𐎠𐎼

: [1 c-š]-m : a-v-j-m : du-u-v-r-y-a-m-i-y : b-s-t : a-d-a-r-i-y : h-ru-u-v-š-i-m : k-/a-rToken span 15–15 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 87100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎨/𐎡𐏂𐎫𐎧𐎶𐎶

: k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-y-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : a-j : u-t-a : c-/i-ç-t-x-m-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 90100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎿𐎫 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎽𐎢𐎺𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡[𐎴 𐏐] 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎡𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐

: b-s-t : a-d-a-r-i-y : h-ru-u-v-š-i-m : k-a-r : a-v-i-[n :] p-s-a-v-š-i-m : a-r-b-i-r-a-y-a :Token span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 94100% confidence

𐏐 [𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 [𐏐] 𐎠[𐎺]𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎼[𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎷]𐎡𐏂𐎡[𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱 𐏐 𐎠/(𐏁)[𐎡𐎹𐎺

: [p-r-ϑ-v-i-y] : a-h [:] a-[v]-m : k-a-r : a-v-h-r-[d : h-mi]-i-ç-i-[y] : a-b-v : p-s-a-v : vi-š-t-a-s-p : a-/(š)-[i-y-vToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎶

: y-ϑ-a : h-u-v : k-a-r : p-r-a-r-s : a-b-i-y : vi-š-t-a-s-p-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 17100% confidence

𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶

: u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 26100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐎰𐎠𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎹𐎭𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐏃/𐎢𐎺

: k-a-r : p-a-r-s : h-y : vi-ϑ-a-p-t-i-y : h-c-a : y-d-a-y-a : f-r-t-r-m : h-/u-vToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 32100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎶𐎠/𐎭𐎶

: h-y : a-n-i-y : k-a-r : p-a-r-s : p-s-a : m-n-a : a-š-i-y-v : m-a-/d-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 38100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏃𐎹/𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎫𐏃𐎹

: a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-y-m : v-h-y-/z-d-a-t-h-yToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.34.14

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.34.14.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPe (Q007161) · Q007161.22.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DPe (Q007161), Q007161.22.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.29.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.29.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.8.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.8.11.View source