Machine-generated and unreviewed

𐎲𐎥𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁

Attested in Old Persian

god

Lemma: baga-
Transliteration: b-g-i-b-i-š
Transcription: bagai̯biš

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for bagai̯biš; English gloss: god.

Writing system

Sign analysis

Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

13 occurrences

A1Pa · 23100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃[𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎥𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐]

: h-[d-a : b-g-i-b-i-š : u-t-m-i-y :]Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context

Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPd (Q007160) · Q007160.14.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DPd (Q007160), Q007160.14.7.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.51.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.51.3.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSt (Q007182) · Q007182.10.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSt (Q007182), Q007182.10.3.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPb (Q007210) · Q007210.28.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPb (Q007210), Q007210.28.7.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPc (Q007211) · Q007211.12.11

Documented dictionary attestation in XPc (Q007211), Q007211.12.11.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPd (Q007212) · Q007212.18.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPd (Q007212), Q007212.18.7.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPg (Q007215) · Q007215.13.6

Documented dictionary attestation in XPg (Q007215), Q007215.13.6.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XSc (Q007230) · Q007230.5.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XSc (Q007230), Q007230.5.7.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XVa (Q007233) · Q007233.26.5

Documented dictionary attestation in XVa (Q007233), Q007233.26.5.View source

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

A¹Pa (Q007250) · Q007250.23.5

Documented dictionary attestation in A¹Pa (Q007250), Q007250.23.5.View source

Source and permission for use

TITUS Old Persian corpus

This tool is developed by Persian Dej and uses Old Persian linguistic data available in the TITUS Old Persian Corpus, affiliated with the TITUS Project at Goethe University Frankfurt, as one of its scholarly and linguistic sources.

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Old Persian linguistic data sourced in part from the TITUS Old Persian Corpus, TITUS Project, Goethe University Frankfurt. Used with written permission of the TITUS Project.

Scholarly evidence chain and method of use

The TITUS corpus is based on editions by Roland G. Kent, Manfred Mayrhofer, and Rüdiger Schmitt; data entry was completed by S. Gindro, S. Scarlata, and P. Widmer under the supervision of G. E. Dunkel; G. Keydana and J. Gippert provided additions and improvements; A. Sarhadi and M. Esnaashari added the transcription text and cuneiform-to-Unicode conversion; and J. Gippert, J. Martínez García, and M. Esnaashari prepared the TITUS version.

Parsiandej keeps source text separate from normalized forms, dictionary links, rule-based translations, and local corrections so that the provenance of every value remains clear.

View the official TITUS corpus Methodology and scholarly limitations