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Explore Old Persian cuneiform in both directions.

Find Old Persian cuneiform by English dictionary meaning or scientific transliteration, or read cuneiform with an English gloss. Historical results are limited to documented evidence.

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Scientific characters

Research result

Script, transliteration, and gloss

Attested in Old Persian
This input matches more than one documented entry or inflected form; choose the intended evidence.

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠

x-š-y-a-r-š-h-y-a

Xerxes I, king of Persia

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Xšayaṛšahyā; English gloss: Xerxes I, king of Persia.

Exact dictionary entry match 6 documented occurrences in the active release Dictionary entry
Translation and review status

Dictionary entry gloss

Curated dictionary entry
Unresolved words
None

Xerxes I, king of Persia

Documented attestations in ancient inscriptions

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎧xaPhonogram
  2. 𐏁šaPhonogram
  3. 𐎹yaPhonogram
  4. 𐎠aPhonogram
  5. 𐎼raPhonogram
  6. 𐏁šaPhonogram
  7. 𐏃haPhonogram
  8. 𐎹yaPhonogram
  9. 𐎠aPhonogram
Corpus release: 2026-08-15Parser: titus-html-v2.0.0Source hash: b9b9284386e8ad0489cabc25ec9f186dad5830b53f51ff3a562dcc90dffec5f7