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Explore Old Persian cuneiform in both directions.

Find Old Persian cuneiform by English dictionary meaning or scientific transliteration, or read cuneiform with an English gloss. Historical results are limited to documented evidence.

Word or complete phrase Enter scientific Latin transliteration using characters such as ā, ī, ū, š, θ, and ç. 22 / 200 characters

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Scientific characters

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Script, transliteration, and gloss

Attested in Old Persian

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: king · king

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya xšāyaθiyānām; English gloss: Attested line fragment; literal gloss: king · king.

Exact dictionary entry match 4 documented occurrences in the active release Dictionary entry

Translation and review status

Dictionary entry gloss

Curated dictionary entry

Joined reading
Unresolved words: None

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: king · king

Confidence
Rule version

Documented attestations in ancient inscriptions

Darius I, Persepolis (DPe)DPe, 2, DPe 2Confidence 70%
Darius I, Naqsh-e Rostam (DNa)DNa, 9, DNa 9Confidence 70%
Darius I weight, Persepolis (Wd)Wd, 4, Wd 4Confidence 70%
Xerxes I, Persepolis (XPe)XPe, 2, XPe 2Confidence 70%

Explore Old Persian cuneiform in both directions.

Documented attestations in ancient inscriptions

Sign analysis