Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎨𐎡𐎹𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

treacherous

Lemma
hamiçiya
Transliteration
h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m
Transcription
hamiçiyam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

Download audio
Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system

This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.

Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:

info@parsiandej.ir

Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

Inspect in converter Open converterBack to dictionary
Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for hamiçiyam; English gloss: treacherous.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐏃 ha Phonogram
  2. 𐎷 mi Phonogram
  3. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  4. 𐎨 ča Phonogram
  5. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  6. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  7. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

49 occurrences
XPl · 40100% confidence

𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐

: v-i-n-a-mi-i-y : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : y-c-i-y : n-i-y :Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPl · 43100% confidence

𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹/𐎶

: y-di-i-y : v-i-n-a-mi-i-y : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-/mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 4075% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐

: p-s-a-v : k-a-r : h-ru-u-v : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : a-b-v : h-c-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-a : a-b-i-y : a-v-m :Token span 8–8 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB1. · 7675% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 [𐏐 𐎠]𐏂𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎧[𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹]

: h-mi-i-ç-i-y-a : a-b-v : a-b-i-y : a-v-m [: a]-ç-i-n-m : a-š-i-y-v : h-u-v : x-[š-a-y-ϑ-i-y]Token span 2–2 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB1. · 8075% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎮𐎡𐎫𐎲𐎡𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎧/𐏁𐏂𐎶

: h-ru-u-v : a-b-i-y : a-v-m : n-di-i-t-b-i-r-m : a-š-i-y-v : b-a-b-i-ru-u-š : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : a-b-v : x-/š-ç-mToken span 14–14 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 675% confidence

𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎼𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐏃[𐎶 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐] 𐎫𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃/𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠

: y-a-t-a : a-d-m : b-a-b-i-r-u-v : a-h-[m : i-m-a : d-h-y-a-v :] t-y-a : h-c-a-m : h-/mi-i-ç-i-y-aToken span 18–18 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 1675% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 [𐎻𐎰𐎠𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺] 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎲𐎺

: t-u-m-a-y-a : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : m-a-d : h-y : [vi-ϑ-a-p-t-i-y : h-u-v] : h-c-a-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : a-/b-vToken span 18–18 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 3175% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 [𐎩𐎮]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎡/𐏁

: h-y : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : m-n-a : n-i-y : g-u-b-t-i-y : a-v-m : [j-di]-i-y : p-s-a-v : d-a-d-r-š-i-/šToken span 4–4 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 3275% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 [𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂]𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡/𐎫𐎠

: a-š-i-y-v : y-ϑ-a : a-r-mi-i-n-m : p-r-a-r-s : p-s-a-v : [h-mi-i-ç]-i-y-a : h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-/t-aToken span 12–12 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 3875% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫[𐎠 𐏐 𐎱]𐎫𐎡𐏁 [𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭]𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫/𐎴𐎡𐎹

: h-mi-i-ç-i-y-a : h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-[a : p]-t-i-š [: d-a-d]-r-š-i-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-/n-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 4375% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏂𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃[𐎷]𐎡𐏂[𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐] 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫/𐎡𐏁

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-t-i-y : ç-i-t-i-y-m : h-[mi]-i-ç-[i-y-a :] h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-a : p-t-/i-šToken span 8–8 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 5175% confidence

𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎩𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿 𐏐 𐎠/𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺

h-y : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : m-n-a : n-i-y : g-u-b-t-i-y : a-v-m : j-di-i-y : p-s-a-v : v-u-mi-i-s : a-/š-i-y-vToken span 3–3 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.104.19

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.104.19.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNb (Q007153) · Q007153.36.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DNb (Q007153), Q007153.36.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPl (Q007220) · Q007220.40.4

Documented dictionary attestation in XPl (Q007220), Q007220.40.4.View source