Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠
Attested in Old Persian

father

Lemma
pitar-
Transliteration
p-i-t-a
Transcription
pitā

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for pitā; English gloss: father.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎱 pa Phonogram
  2. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  3. 𐎫 ta Phonogram
  4. 𐎠 a Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

34 occurrences
XSdA · 2{A916}100% confidence

𐎯𐎢𐎺𐎼𐎰𐎡𐎶 𐏐 (𐎭𐎠𐎼)𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶[𐎴𐎠] 𐏐 𐎱𐎡(𐎫)[𐎠]

du-u-v-r-ϑ-i-m : (d-a-r)-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-[ϑ]-i-y : a-ku-u-n-u-š : h-y : m-[n-a] : p-i-(t)-[a]Token span 13–13 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSdB · 2{B915}100% confidence

[𐎯𐎢𐎺𐎼𐎰𐎡𐎶] 𐏐 𐎭𐎠(𐎼𐎹𐎺)[𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢]𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎱[𐎡𐎫𐎠]

[du-u-v-r-ϑ-i-m] : d-a-(r-y-v)-[u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-ku-u-n-u]-š : h-y : m-n-a : p-[i-t-a]Token span 13–13 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XV · 18100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎺/𐏁𐎴𐎠

: h-y : m-n-a : p-i-t-a : h-u-v : v-/š-n-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A1Pa · 20100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧[𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡]/𐎫𐎠

: x-[š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : h-y : m-n-a : p-i]-/t-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
D2Sb · 4100% confidence

[𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐏊 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠]𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶

[h-y : m-n-a : p-i-t-a : i-m : h-di-i-š : p-s-a-v : v-š-n-a : AM-h : a-d-m : a]-ku-u-n-v-mToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPa · 2075% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎺

: p-i-ç : k-r-t-m : a-v-š-c-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : p-a-tu-u-vToken span 2–2 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
XPc · 1475% confidence

𐎱𐎡𐏂 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐏃𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹

p-i-ç : d-a-r-y-v-h-u-š : XŠ-h-y-a : k-r-t-m : a-v-š-c-i-yToken span 1–1 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
XPf · 3575% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐏂 𐏐 𐎥𐎠/𐎰𐎺𐎠

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : p-i-ç : g-a-/ϑ-v-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
XPf · 3875% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃

: t-y-m-i-y : p-i-ç : k-r-t-m : a-hToken span 4–4 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
XPf · 4775% confidence

𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶

: u-t-a : t-y-m-i-y : p-i-ç : k-r-t-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.191.17

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.191.17.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.5.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.5.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.12.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.12.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPa (Q007209) · Q007209.15.5

Documented dictionary attestation in XPa (Q007209), Q007209.15.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPc (Q007211) · Q007211.12.1

Documented dictionary attestation in XPc (Q007211), Q007211.12.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPf (Q007214) · Q007214.16.5

Documented dictionary attestation in XPf (Q007214), Q007214.16.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPg (Q007215) · Q007215.7.6

Documented dictionary attestation in XPg (Q007215), Q007215.7.6.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XSa (Q007228) · Q007228.2.15

Documented dictionary attestation in XSa (Q007228), Q007228.2.15.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XSd (Q007231) · Q007231.2.13

Documented dictionary attestation in XSd (Q007231), Q007231.2.13.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XVa (Q007233) · Q007233.18.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XVa (Q007233), Q007233.18.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

A¹Pa (Q007250) · Q007250.20.9

Documented dictionary attestation in A¹Pa (Q007250), Q007250.20.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

D²Sb (Q007263) · Q007263.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in D²Sb (Q007263), Q007263.4.5.View source