Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠
Attested in Old Persian

Hystaspes, father of Darius I

Lemma
Vištāspa
Transliteration
vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a
Transcription
Vištāspahyā

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Vištāspahyā; English gloss: Hystaspes, father of Darius I.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎻 vi Phonogram
  2. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  3. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  4. 𐎫 ta Phonogram
  5. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  6. 𐎿 sa Phonogram
  7. 𐎱 pa Phonogram
  8. 𐏃 ha Phonogram
  9. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  10. 𐎠 a Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

42 occurrences
DSd · 2100% confidence

[𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿]𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶[𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐎰𐎠/[𐎫𐎡𐎹

[a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : vi-i-š-t-a-s]-p-h-y-a p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-[n-i-š-i-y ϑ-a-/[t-i-yToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSe · 11100% confidence

𐏐 [𐎯]𐎢𐎼𐎡[𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐏁]𐎫𐎠𐎿/𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠

: [du]-u-r-i-[y : a-p-i-y : vi-š]-t-a-s-/p-h-y-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSf · 7100% confidence

[𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹]𐎠 𐏐 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶/[𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹]

[: a-h-y-a-y]-a : BU-y-a : vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-/[n-i-š-i-y]Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSg · 2100% confidence

𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻[𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐎰𐎠𐎫]/𐎡𐎹

BU-y-a : vi-[i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a p-u-ç h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y ϑ-a-t]-/i-yToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSi · 2100% confidence

𐏏𐎹]𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠[𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰]/𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

BU-y]-a : vi-i-š-t-a-[s-p-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ]-/a-t-i-yToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 1100% confidence

[𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭]𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏋 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠[𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐]

[a-d-m : d]-a-r-y-v-u-š XŠ : v-z-r-k XŠ XŠ-y-a-n-a-[m : XŠ a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a :]Token span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 1100% confidence

[𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭]𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏋 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠[𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐]

[a-d-m : d]-a-r-y-v-u-š XŠ : v-z-r-k XŠ XŠ-y-a-n-a-[m : XŠ a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a :]Token span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSk · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐

: XŠ : DH-n-a-m : vi-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSm · 2100% confidence

[𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁]𐎡𐎹 [𐏐]

[XŠ : DH-n-a-m : vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š]-i-y [:]Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSy · 2100% confidence

𐏋 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡/𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠

XŠ DH-y-u-n-a-m XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : vi-i-/š-t-a-s-p-h-y-aToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSy · 2100% confidence

𐏋 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡/𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠

XŠ DH-y-u-n-a-m XŠ : a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : vi-i-/š-t-a-s-p-h-y-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSab · 3100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡[𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶] 𐏐 𐎧(𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡)[𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶] 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎶𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐

x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-[y-a-n-a-m] : x-(š-a-y-ϑ-i)-[y : d-h-y-u-n-a-m] : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h-y-a-y-a : b-u-m-i-y-a : v-z-r-k-a-y-a : vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a :Token span 21–21 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DEa (Q007146) · Q007146.19.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DEa (Q007146), Q007146.19.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DGa (Q007147) · Q007147.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DGa (Q007147), Q007147.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DHa (Q007148) · Q007148.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DHa (Q007148), Q007148.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.12.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.12.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPa (Q007157) · Q007157.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DPa (Q007157), Q007157.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPb (Q007158) · Q007158.1.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DPb (Q007158), Q007158.1.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPe (Q007161) · Q007161.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DPe (Q007161), Q007161.4.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPh (Q007164) · Q007164.2.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DPh (Q007164), Q007164.2.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPj (Q007166) · Q007166.2.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DPj (Q007166), Q007166.2.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSc (Q007169) · Q007169.1.10

Documented dictionary attestation in DSc (Q007169), Q007169.1.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSd (Q007170) · Q007170.2.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DSd (Q007170), Q007170.2.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.11.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.11.7.View source