Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎠𐎭𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

I

Lemma
adam
Transliteration
a-d-m
Transcription
adam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for adam; English gloss: I.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  2. 𐎭 da Phonogram
  3. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

198 occurrences
DB1. · 59100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎺/𐏁𐎴𐎠

: d-h-y-a-u-š : m-a-d-i-y : a-v-d-š-i-m : a-v-a-j-n-m : x-š-ç-m-š-i-m : a-d-m : a-di-i-n-m : v-/š-n-aToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 60100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼/𐎠𐎲𐎼

: a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : x-š-ç-m : m-n-a : f-r-/a-b-rToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 62100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎱𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎥𐎠𐎰/𐎺𐎠

: p-r-a-b-r-t-m : a-h : a-v : a-d-m : p-t-i-p-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : a-d-m-š-i-m : g-a-ϑ-/v-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 63100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎶𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎹𐎭𐎴/𐎠

: a-v-a-s-t-a-y-m : y-ϑ-a : p-ru-u-v-m-c-i-y : a-v-ϑ-a : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : a-y-d-n-/aToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 64100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹𐏂𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡/𐎨𐎼𐎡𐏁

: t-y-a : g-u-m-a-t : h-y : m-gu-u-š : vi-i-y-k : a-d-m : n-i-y-ç-a-r-y-m : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-b-i-/c-r-i-šToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 66100% confidence

𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎥𐎠𐎰𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶(𐎨)𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶[𐎨]/𐎠

m-gu-u-š : a-di-i-n-a : a-d-m : k-a-r-m : g-a-ϑ-v-a : a-v-a-s-t-a-y-m : p-a-r-s-m-(c)-a : m-a-d-m-[c]-/aToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 67100% confidence

𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎶𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎠𐎲[𐎼𐎫]/𐎶

: u-t-a : a-n-i-y-a : d-h-y-a-v : y-ϑ-a : p-ru-u-v-m-c-i-y : a-v-ϑ-a : a-d-m : t-y : p-r-a-b-[r-t]-/mToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 68100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎲𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎫𐎧(𐏁)[𐎡𐎹 𐏐]

: p-t-i-y-a-b-r-m : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : i-m : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : a-d-m : h-m-t-x-(š)-[i-y :]Token span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 68100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎲𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎫𐎧(𐏁)[𐎡𐎹 𐏐]

: p-t-i-y-a-b-r-m : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : i-m : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : a-d-m : h-m-t-x-(š)-[i-y :]Token span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 70100% confidence

𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎫𐎧𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢/𐏁

a-v-ϑ-a : a-d-m : h-m-t-x-š-i-y : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : y-ϑ-a : g-u-m-a-t : h-y : m-gu-u-/šToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 72100% confidence

𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

: i-m : t-y : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : p-s-a-v : y-ϑ-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-yToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 73100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱/𐎿𐎠𐎺

: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : y-ϑ-a : a-d-m : g-u-m-a-t-m : t-y-m : m-gu-u-m : a-v-a-j-n-m : p-/s-a-vToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.5.10

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.5.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.14.1

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.14.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMa (Q007131) · Q007131.1.1

Documented dictionary attestation in CMa (Q007131), Q007131.1.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.101.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.101.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.1.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.1.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.4.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.5.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.5.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBh (Q007142) · Q007142.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBh (Q007142), Q007142.4.5.View source