Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎠𐎭𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

I

Lemma
adam
Transliteration
a-d-m
Transcription
adam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for adam; English gloss: I.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  2. 𐎭 da Phonogram
  3. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

198 occurrences
DB4. · 64100% confidence

𐏐 𐏀𐎢𐎼𐎣𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎹/𐎠[𐎹]𐎶

: z-u-r-k-r : a-h-m : n-i-y : a-d-m : n-i-m-i-y : t-u-m-a : u-p-r-i-y : a-r-š-t-a-m : u-p-r-i-y-/a-[y]-mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 71100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎱𐎡𐎰𐎶 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎡𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎣𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎣𐎴𐎠𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎭/𐎰𐎿

: a-d-m : n-i-y-p-i-ϑ-m : i-m-i-v-a : p-t-i-k-r-a : m-a-t-y : vi-i-k-n-a-h-y : y-a-v-a : d-/ϑ-sToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 81100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎣𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 [𐎠]𐏃𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐

: a-d-k-i-y : a-v-d-a : [a]-h-t-a : y-a-t-a : a-d-m : g-u-m-a-t-m : t-y-m : m-gu-u-m : a-v-a-j-n-m :Token span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 89100% confidence

𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎮𐎡𐎱𐎡(𐎨)𐎡(𐏂𐎶 𐏐) 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎺𐎿𐎫/𐎠𐎹[𐎠]

: i-m : di-i-p-i-(c)-i-(ç-m :) t-y : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : p-t-i-š-m : a-r-i-y-a : a-h : u-t-a : p-v-s-t-/a-y-[a]Token span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 2100% confidence

𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫[𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺[𐎶 𐏐] 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠/𐎶𐎨

i-m : t-[y : a-d]-m : a-ku-u-n-v-[m :] du-u-vi-i-t-i-y-a-/m-cToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 6100% confidence

[𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎶]𐎰𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠[𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺]𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭/𐎶

[: a-v-m : m]-ϑ-i-š-t-m : a-[ku-u-n-v]-t-a : p-s-a-v : a-d-/mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 6100% confidence

[𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎶]𐎰𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠[𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺]𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭/𐎶

[: a-v-m : m]-ϑ-i-š-t-m : a-[ku-u-n-v]-t-a : p-s-a-v : a-d-/mToken span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 13100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 [𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺𐏁𐎡]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭[𐎶] 𐏐 [𐎠𐎺𐎠]𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠/𐎢𐏁

: m-a-m [: p-s-a-v-š-i]-m : a-d-[m] : [a-v-a]-j-n-m : p-s-a-v : d-h-y-a-/u-šToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 21100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱[𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎭]𐎠 𐏐 𐎣[𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎠]𐎭𐎶 𐏐 [𐎠𐏁]𐎡𐎹𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎿𐎣/𐎠𐎶

: p-[s-a-v : h-d]-a : k-[a-r-a : a]-d-m : [a-š]-i-y-v-m : a-b-i-y : s-k-/a-mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 25100% confidence

[𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺] 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐎹 [𐏐] 𐎿𐎣[𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶] 𐏐 𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎥/𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹

[: p-s-a-v] : a-v-i-y [:] s-k-[a : a-d-m] : a-j-n-m : a-n-i-y-m : a-g-/r-b-a-yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DBa · 1100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰!𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠(𐎹)/𐎰𐎡𐎹

: a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-!-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a-(y)-/ϑ-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DBa · 16100% confidence

𐏐 !!!! 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹!!!!𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴/𐎺𐎶

: !!!! x-š-a-y-!!!!-ϑ-i-y-a : a-h : a-d-m : n-/v-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.5.10

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.5.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.14.1

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.14.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMa (Q007131) · Q007131.1.1

Documented dictionary attestation in CMa (Q007131), Q007131.1.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.101.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.101.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.1.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.1.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.4.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.5.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.5.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBh (Q007142) · Q007142.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBh (Q007142), Q007142.4.5.View source