Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎠𐎭𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

I

Lemma
adam
Transliteration
a-d-m
Transcription
adam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

Download audio
Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system

This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.

Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:

info@parsiandej.ir

Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

Inspect in converter Open converterBack to dictionary
Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for adam; English gloss: I.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  2. 𐎭 da Phonogram
  3. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

198 occurrences
DSg · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺[𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐎻𐎡𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐎿𐎬𐎢𐎴𐎠 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶]

: d-a-r-y-v-[u-š XŠ vi-i-ϑ-i-y-a i-m-a s-tu-u-n-a a-d-m a-ku-u-n-v-m]Token span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSi · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭[𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹]𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 [𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏍𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏋 𐎠]/𐏃𐎹𐎠[𐎹𐎠

a-d-[m : d-a-r-y]-v-u-š XŠ [: v-z-r-k : XŠ XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ DH-n-a-m XŠ a]-/h-y-a-[y-aToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 1100% confidence

[𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭]𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏋 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠[𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐]

[a-d-m : d]-a-r-y-v-u-š XŠ : v-z-r-k XŠ XŠ-y-a-n-a-[m : XŠ a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a :]Token span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 2100% confidence

[𐎱𐎢𐏂] 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠[𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺]/[𐎶

[p-u-ç] : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-[r-y-v-u-š XŠ : vi-i-s-m : t-y : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v]-/[mToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSk · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹/𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-/a-n-a-mToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSk · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐏈 𐏐 𐏊 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐏈𐎶 𐏐

: XŠ : m-n-a : AM : AM-h : a-d-m : AM-m :Token span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSm · 1100% confidence

[𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐] 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 [𐏐 𐏋 𐏐] 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 [𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐]

[a-d-m :] d-a-r-y-v-u-š [: XŠ :] v-z-r-k [: XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m :]Token span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSm · 6100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐]

: t-y-i-š-a-m : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : p-a-r-s :]Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSy · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏋 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š XŠ : v-z-r-k XŠ XŠ-y-a-n-a-mToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSab · 2100% confidence

𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹𐏁{𐎠}𐎫𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹𐎼𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹(𐎠) [𐏐 𐎠𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎺𐎠]𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐

t-y-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : n-i-y-š-{a}-t-a-y : c-r-t-n-i-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y-i-y : a-v-h-y-r-a-di-i-y : h-y-š-i-m : a-p-r-m : v-i-n-a-t-i-y : a-v-h-y-(a) [: a-z-d-a : b-v-a]-t-i-y : t-y : p-a-r-s : m-r-t-i-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y-m : a-d-a-r-i-y : a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š :Token span 37–37 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DZc · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 [𐎢𐎺𐎿𐎱𐎶 𐏐 𐎢]𐎶𐎼[𐎫𐎡]𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐

: f-r-a-b-r : t-y : v-z-r-k-m : t-y : [u-v-s-p-m : u]-m-r-[t-i]-y-m : a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š :Token span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DZc · 7100% confidence

𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎠𐎭[𐎶 𐏐 𐎱]𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡[𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎨]𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠/𐎼𐎿𐎠

: ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : XŠ : a-d-[m : p]-a-r-s : a-mi-i-[y : h-c]-a : p-a-/r-s-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.5.10

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.5.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.14.1

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.14.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMa (Q007131) · Q007131.1.1

Documented dictionary attestation in CMa (Q007131), Q007131.1.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.101.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.101.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.1.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.1.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.4.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.5.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.5.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBh (Q007142) · Q007142.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBh (Q007142), Q007142.4.5.View source