Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

do

Lemma
kar
Transliteration
k-r-t-m
Transcription
kṛtam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kṛtam; English gloss: do.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎣 ka Phonogram
  2. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  3. 𐎫 ta Phonogram
  4. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

61 occurrences
DB3. · 21100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎧𐎫𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹/𐎰𐎡𐎹

: k-r-t-m : b-a-x-t-r-i-y-a !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-/ϑ-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 40100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡/𐎹

: a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-/yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 47100% confidence

𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺/𐎶

: 2-2-1 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : u-t-a : a-v-/mToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 53100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐

: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m : t-y : m-n-a : k-r-t-m : p-a-r-s-i-y !! :Token span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 64100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃/𐎹𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎶

: h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-t-i-y : h-/y-a-p-r-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 69100% confidence

𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐

a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y :Token span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 76100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎼𐎢𐎺𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠/𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

: a-b-v : i-m : t-y : m-n-a : k-r-t-m : h-r-u-v-t-i-y-a !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-/y-ϑ-i-yToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 [𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎼𐎢]𐎺 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭/𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁

: m-n-a : k-r-t-m [: b-a-b-i-r-u]-v !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-/a-r-y-v-u-šToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 42100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎮𐎡𐎱𐎡[𐎶] 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎱𐎼𐎿𐎠𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎼𐎴𐎺𐎫𐎠𐎶

: a-p-r-m : i-m-a-m : di-i-p-i-[m] : p-t-i-p-r-s-a-h-y : t-y : m-n-a : k-r-t-m : v-r-n-v-t-a-mToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 46100% confidence

𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼[𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃] 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫/𐎶

: v-š-n-a : a-u-r-[m-z-d-a-h] : u-t-a-m-i-y : a-n-i-y-š-c-i-y : v-s-i-y : a-s-t-i-y : k-r-t-/mToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 49100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎰𐎭𐎹𐎠[𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹] 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐏁[𐎡𐎶 𐏐] 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎼𐎴𐎺𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎯/𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎧𐎫𐎶

: p-ru-u-v : ϑ-d-y-a-[t-i-y : t-y] : m-n-a : k-r-t-m : n-i-š-[i-m :] i-m : v-r-n-v-a-t-i-y : du-/u-ru-u-x-t-mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 51100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹[𐎠 𐏐] 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎼/𐎫𐎶

: p-ru-u-v-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-[a :] y-a-t-a : a-h : a-v-i-š-a-m : a-v-a : n-i-y : a-s-t-i-y : k-r-/t-mToken span 18–18 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.28.13

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.28.13.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.48.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.48.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNb (Q007153) · Q007153.29.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DNb (Q007153), Q007153.29.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.44.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.44.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.57.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.57.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSj (Q007175) · Q007175.5.21

Documented dictionary attestation in DSj (Q007175), Q007175.5.21.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSs (Q007181) · Q007181.8.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DSs (Q007181), Q007181.8.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.24.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.24.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSab (Q007189) · Q007189.4.21

Documented dictionary attestation in DSab (Q007189), Q007189.4.21.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPa (Q007209) · Q007209.14.2

Documented dictionary attestation in XPa (Q007209), Q007209.14.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPb (Q007210) · Q007210.23.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPb (Q007210), Q007210.23.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPc (Q007211) · Q007211.13.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPc (Q007211), Q007211.13.7.View source