Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

do

Lemma
kar
Transliteration
k-r-t-m
Transcription
kṛtam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

Download audio
Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system

This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.

Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:

info@parsiandej.ir

Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

Inspect in converter Open converterBack to dictionary
Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kṛtam; English gloss: do.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎣 ka Phonogram
  2. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  3. 𐎫 ta Phonogram
  4. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

61 occurrences
DB4. · 52100% confidence

𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎺[𐏁𐎴𐎠] 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎼𐎭 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠/𐎫𐎡𐎹

: y-ϑ-a : m-n-a : v-[š-n-a] : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : h-m-h-y-a-y-a : ϑ-r-d : k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-/t-i-yToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 54100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎥𐎢𐎭𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐

: k-r-t-m : a-v-ϑ-a : k-a-r-h-y-a : ϑ-a-di-i-y : m-a : a-p-g-u-d-y : y-di-i-y : i-m-a-m :Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 48100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎫 𐏐 𐎫[𐎹 𐏐] 𐎣𐎼𐎫/𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-i-t : t-[y :] k-r-t-/mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 51100% confidence

𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴[𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠/𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠

: y-a-t-a : k-r-t-m : a-ku-u-n-[v-m : m-a]-m : a-/u-r-m-z-d-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNb · 29100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐏃𐎹 𐏐 [𐎹]𐎮𐎡𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎧𐏁𐎴𐎺/𐎠𐏃𐎹

: t-y : k-r-t-m : v-i-n-a-h-y : [y]-di-i-v-a : a-x-š-n-v-/a-h-yToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNb · 48100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎴𐎼𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢/𐎴𐎺𐎶

: t-y-m-y : k-r-t-m : i-m-i-b-i-š : u-v-n-r-b-i-š : a-ku-u-/n-v-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNb · 56100% confidence

𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎴!𐎺𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 [𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿]𐎫𐎡𐎹

: ku-u-n-!-v-a-t-i-y : t-y : [m-n-a : k-r-t-m : a-s]-t-i-yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSe · 44100% confidence

𐎥𐎠𐎰𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 [𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎥𐎠𐎰]/𐎺𐎠

g-a-ϑ-v-a : k-r-t-m [: a-v : a-d-m : g-a-ϑ]-/v-aToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSf · 57100% confidence

𐏐] 𐎣𐎼[𐎫𐎶 𐏐] 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠[𐎢]𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎺 [𐏐 𐎢]𐎫𐎠 [𐏐 𐎻]/[𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎶

:] k-r-[t-m :] m-a-m : a-[u]-r-m-z-d-a : p-a-tu-u-v [: u]-t-a [: vi]-/[i-š-t-a-s-p-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 5100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭]𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏊𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 [𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣]/[𐎼𐎫𐎶

: d]-a-r-y-v-u-š XŠ : v-š-n-a AM-h-a : h-y [: i-m : h-di-i-š : v-i-n-a-t-i-y : t-y : m-n-a : k]-/[r-t-mToken span 20–20 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSn · 2100% confidence

[+++]𐎴 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐏋[𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏈 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶]

[+++]-n : d-a-r-y-v-u-m : XŠ-[y-m : AM : p-a-tu-u-v : u-t-a : t-y : k-r-t-m]Token span 15–15 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSs · 7100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐] 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐

: p-a-tu-u-v : u-t-a : t-y-m-i-y :] k-r-t-m :Token span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.28.13

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.28.13.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.48.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.48.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNb (Q007153) · Q007153.29.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DNb (Q007153), Q007153.29.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.44.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.44.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.57.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.57.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSj (Q007175) · Q007175.5.21

Documented dictionary attestation in DSj (Q007175), Q007175.5.21.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSs (Q007181) · Q007181.8.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DSs (Q007181), Q007181.8.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.24.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.24.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSab (Q007189) · Q007189.4.21

Documented dictionary attestation in DSab (Q007189), Q007189.4.21.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPa (Q007209) · Q007209.14.2

Documented dictionary attestation in XPa (Q007209), Q007209.14.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPb (Q007210) · Q007210.23.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPb (Q007210), Q007210.23.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPc (Q007211) · Q007211.13.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPc (Q007211), Q007211.13.7.View source