Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

do

Lemma
kar
Transliteration
a-ku-u-n-v-m
Transcription
akunavam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for akunavam; English gloss: do.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  2. 𐎤 ku Phonogram
  3. 𐎢 u Phonogram
  4. 𐎴 na Phonogram
  5. 𐎺 va Phonogram
  6. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

86 occurrences
DB2. · 3375% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏀𐎢𐏀𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠/𐎼𐎷𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎹

: p-t-i-š : d-a-d-r-š-i-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : z-u-z-h-y : n-a-m : a-v-h-n-m : a-/r-mi-n-i-y-i-yToken span 8–8 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 3875% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫[𐎠 𐏐 𐎱]𐎫𐎡𐏁 [𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭]𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫/𐎴𐎡𐎹

: h-mi-i-ç-i-y-a : h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-[a : p]-t-i-š [: d-a-d]-r-š-i-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-/n-i-yToken span 14–14 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 4475% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎹(𐎺)𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎠[𐎶]𐎠 𐏐 𐎮𐎡𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎺𐎭𐎠

: d-a-d-r-š-i-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : u-y-(v)-a : n-a-[m]-a : di-i-d-a : a-r-mi-n-i-y-i-y : a-/v-d-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 5375% confidence

𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐏀𐎾𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎠𐎹/𐎠

: v-u-mi-i-s-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : i-z-l-a : n-a-m-a : d-h-y-a-u-š : a-ϑ-u-r-a-y-/aToken span 6–6 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 5875% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢/𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎼

: h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-a : p-t-i-š : v-u-mi-i-s-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : a-u-/t-i-y-a-rToken span 12–12 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB2. · 6775% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎭[𐎠 𐏐] 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴/𐎶

: a-i-š : h-d-[a :] k-a-r-a : p-t-i-š : m-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : p-s-a-v : h-m-r-n-/mToken span 14–14 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB3. · 3675% confidence

𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿/𐎠𐎺

h-d-a : k-a-r-a : p-t-i-š : a-r-t-v-r-di-i-y-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : p-s-/a-vToken span 11–11 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB3. · 4375% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴/𐎡𐎹

: h-y-a-p-r-m : a-i-š : p-t-i-š : a-r-t-v-r-di-i-y-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-/i-yToken span 12–12 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB3. · 6075% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏃𐎹𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎺𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣/𐎠𐎱𐎡𐏁𐎣𐎠𐎴𐎡𐏁

: t-y-m : v-h-y-z-d-a-t : f-r-a-i-š-y : a-b-i-y : vi-i-v-a-n-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : k-/a-p-i-š-k-a-n-i-šToken span 14–14 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DB3. · 6575% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎺𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴/𐎡𐎹

: h-mi-i-ç-i-y-a : h-g-m-t-a : p-r-i-t-a : p-t-i-š : vi-i-v-a-n-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-/i-yToken span 14–14 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DSf · 2075% confidence

𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎨𐎠𐎼𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎫]/[𐎹

: c-r-t-n-i-y : a-v : u-c-a-r-m-i-y : a-ku-u-n-u-š : t]-/[yToken span 2–2 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
DSi · 375% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎹[𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐏈 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐]

: d-a-r-y-v-u-š XŠ : y-[ϑ-a : AM : m-a-m : XŠ-y-m : a-ku-u-n-u-š :]Token span 11–11 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.8.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.8.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.118.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.118.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DEa (Q007146) · Q007146.8.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DEa (Q007146), Q007146.8.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DGa (Q007147) · Q007147.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DGa (Q007147), Q007147.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DMa (Q007150) · Q007150.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DMa (Q007150), Q007150.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.20.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.20.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNb (Q007153) · Q007153.11.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DNb (Q007153), Q007153.11.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPa (Q007157) · Q007157.6.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DPa (Q007157), Q007157.6.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPc (Q007159) · Q007159.1.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DPc (Q007159), Q007159.1.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPi (Q007165) · Q007165.1.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DPi (Q007165), Q007165.1.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSa (Q007167) · Q007167.4.10

Documented dictionary attestation in DSa (Q007167), Q007167.4.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSd (Q007170) · Q007170.3.16

Documented dictionary attestation in DSd (Q007170), Q007170.3.16.View source