do

Lemma: kar
Transliteration: a-ku-u-n-v-m
Transcription: akunavam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for akunavam; English gloss: do.

Writing system

Sign analysis

Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

86 occurrences

DSab · 275% confidence

𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹𐏁{𐎠}𐎫𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹𐎼𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹𐏁𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹(𐎠) [𐏐 𐎠𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎺𐎠]𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐

t-y-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : n-i-y-š-{a}-t-a-y : c-r-t-n-i-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y-i-y : a-v-h-y-r-a-di-i-y : h-y-š-i-m : a-p-r-m : v-i-n-a-t-i-y : a-v-h-y-(a) [: a-z-d-a : b-v-a]-t-i-y : t-y : p-a-r-s : m-r-t-i-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y-m : a-d-a-r-i-y : a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š :Token span 9–9 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context

A2Sd · 475% confidence

[𐏐 𐎢]𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎷𐎫𐎼 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐎥𐎿𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶

[: u]-t-a : mi-t-r : m-a-m : p-a-tu-u-v : h-c-a : vi-i-s-p-a : g-s-t-a : u-t-m-i-y : k-r-t-mToken span 19–19 · exact · Needs human reviewView line and context

Scholarly traceability